Biogeography

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of animals.

A satellite image of a section of Antartica with brown stains of Penguin guano.

Tracking Penguin Colonies Through Their Droppings

Elizabeth Borneman

Researchers are using satellite imagery to map Antarctica’s penguin population by estimating their numbers based on the large guano stains left behind.

What is the Difference Between a Crow and a Raven

Caitlin Dempsey

Here are some ways you can determine the difference between the common raven (Corvus corax) and the American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos).

Painted lady (Vanessa cardui). Image: NPS, public domain.

These Butterflies Have the Longest Known Migration Route

Caitlin Dempsey

Each fall, Painted Lady butterflies (Vanessa cardui) migrate from Europe to subtropical Africa. Individuals can travel as far as 4,000 kilometers.

Gray clouds hang in the sky over vegetation dotting the surface of the dune field. Bits of pink clouds appear below the gray and a hint of a rainbow appears in the sky.

Biogeography Definitions

Caitlin Dempsey

Here are some common terms in biogeography, a field of geography that studies the distribution of species.

Cover of Michael Hannah's book "Extinctions:  Living and Dying in the Margin of Error".

Review | Extinctions: Living and Dying in the Margin of Error

G.T. Dempsey

This book sets out, in some nine chapters, both the ‘turbulent’ journey of that one species living 3.7 billion years ago to the 8.7 million today and the human activity threatening that biodiversity.

Wildlife corridor for herpetofauna.

Introduction to Wildlife Corridors

Elizabeth Borneman

Wildlife corridors are overpasses and underpasses that connect natural regions and provide safe transit for migratory animals through human infrastructure.

A wolf dog sitting in the grass.

European Wolves Could Be Replaced by Wolf-Dog Hybrids

Katarina Samurović

Scientists are now worried that the future of the 17,000 wolves known to live in Europe is in jeopardy due to crossbreeding with dogs.

The National Weather Service in Miami recently issued a "falling iguana" warning during a cold spell.

Why Do Iguanas Drop From Trees When It’s Cold in Florida?

Caitlin Dempsey

Occasionally, the temperature in southern Florida approaches freezing, leading to falling iguanas.

An analysis of 24 years of radar data shows a shift to earlier spring migrations, particularly for birds at higher latitudes where regions are warming more quickly. Figure: Horton et al., 2020.

Spring Bird Migration is Happening Earlier for Some Birds

Caitlin Dempsey

With changes in temperature due to climate change, researchers looking at  24 years of radar data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have found that migrating birds were more likely to arrive at certain stops earlier than they would have twenty years ago. 

Researchers analyzed Landsat satellite imagery between 1993 to 2018 to look at changes in subnival vegetation cover in the Himalayas.

Plant Life is Expanding in the Area around Mount Everest

Caitlin Dempsey

Using satellite imagery, researchers have found that subnival vegetation, the vegetation that grows between the treeline and snowline, is increasing in spatial extent around the Mount Everest and Himalaya area. 

A long-term habitat connectivity experiment. Source: Damschen et al., 2019.

Connecting Fragmented Habitat Improves Biodiversity

Elizabeth Borneman

Researchers found that connecting natural corridors of habitat to one another promotes biodiversity in the plants and animals that are able to thrive in those locations.

Do Bison Influence the Spring Season?

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers took a look at the foraging behavior of Yellowstone’s bison (Bison bison) to see how well their grazing behavior fits with the Green Wave Hypothesis.

How Wildfires are Changing Boreal Forests and Increasing Emissions

Katarina Samurović

Boreal forests are changing along with our climate.

South Atlantic Humpback Whale Population Rebounds from Near-Extinction

Elizabeth Borneman

Recent research and updated methods of counting and tracking whale populations has shown an increase in humpback numbers located in the South Atlantic.

Researchers Find Thriving Bee Populations in Power Line Corridors

Elizabeth Borneman

Researchers have found that the bee populations located in the power line corridors were nearly ten times as high as the bee populations living in the more forested areas nearby.

Mule Deer Create Mental Maps Of Migration Routes

Katarina Samurović

During their seasonal migrations, large grazing mammals like deer are able to easily navigate the state of Wyoming.

Structurally Complex Forests Better At Carbon Capture, Study Shows

Katarina Samurović

Researchers have discovered that structurally diverse forests are better at carbon sequestration that monocultures.

Studies Show Acid Rain May Make Trees Thirstier

Elizabeth Borneman

The Forest Service created an artificial environment in a forest in West Virginia to study how acid rain could influence processes in that forest.

Caltrans Plans to Build the World’s Largest Wildlife Crossing in California

Caitlin Dempsey

With a proposed design spanning 200 feet (61 meters) across the 101 freeway, Caltrans in Southern California is moving along with plans to build the world's largest wildlife crossing and the first of its kind near a major city.

Non-diverse tree populations like this orange grove can potentially make drought conditions worse. Photo: Cynthia Mendoza, USDA, Fresno Harlen Ranch in Fresno, CA, 2014, public domain.

New Findings on How Trees Impact Droughts

Katarina Samurović

Recently published research looked at the question of, "Instead of looking at how drought affects the forest, how might this go the other way around?"

Black bear foraging in a trash can. Photo: Florida Fish and Wildlife, 2008, CC BY-ND

GPS Tracking Shows That Black Bears Avoid Humans During the Day

Caitlin Dempsey

A recent study found that American black bears tend to become more nocturnal during spring in summer to avoid interacting with humans as they search for food.

Animated map showing the spread of the Cane Toad (Bufo marinus) throughout Australia from 1939 to 1980 at five year intervals. Map: Froggydarb, Mediawiki Commons.

Can Using a Waterless Barrier Prevent the Expansion of Invasive Species?

Caitlin Dempsey

In western Australia, researchers have proposed a waterless barrier method to halt the spread of cane toads.

Help Map Out Australia’s Dead Trees

Caitlin Dempsey

By using a GPS-enabled smartphone, volunteers can capture imagery of tree health around Australia to help researchers map out where trees are dying in Australia.

African elephant, Madikwe Game Reserve. Photo: flowcomm, CC BY 2.0

Are Safaris the Best Answer for Elephant Conservation?

Geo Contributor

Tourism can be a great conservation tool as long as it is monitored closely.

An annotated aerial of a church forest in South Gondar, Ethiopia. Source: Klepeis et al., 2016

Ethiopia’s Church Forests Are Pockets of Biodiversity

Caitlin Dempsey

Also known as coptic forests, church forests range in size from a few acres to 300 hectares and provide a range of spiritual and ecological benefits to the local community.  

Figure: Gao & Kupfer, 2018

Defining Biogeographic Regions

Geo Contributor

A recent paper published in Applied Geography explored ways to improve the determination of biogeographic regions using clustering techniques.

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