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High Resolution Ecosystem Map of the Contiguous United States and Adjacent Areas

NatureServe has developed an updated 30-meter hexagon map of regional ecosystems in the contiguous United States and adjacent areas.

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physical geography

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A view of a wetland with marshes on either side of a body of water.

Water on Earth

Earth holds trillions of tons of water, mostly in oceans. Only 2.5% is freshwater, primarily found in glaciers, groundwater, lakes, and rivers.

Two world maps shaded in green for 10% and 30% forest area.

Defining How Much of the World is Covered by Forests

With no universal definition, mapping and comparing forest coverage around the world is challenging.

A satellite image of a peninsula with a turquoise lake.

Glacial Flour Makes Some Lakes Turquoise

Glacial flour, the fine dust created as glaciers move over land, turns lakes a turquoise color by reflecting blue and green light.

Map showing the NDVI anomaly in 2024 compared to average levels from 1991 to 2020). After a couple of years of above average precipitation in Southern California, vegetations levels in the summer of 2024 were 30% greener than average. Map: NASA, public domain.

Hydroclimate Whiplash: the Impact on California Wildfires

Hydroclimate whiplash – the rapid swing between drought and heavy precipitation – plays a role in the increasing intensity of California wildfires.

Visualization by NASA showing the retreat of the Smith Glacier grounding line between 1996 and 2011.

Understanding Glacier Grounding Lines

Grounding lines are the boundaries where glaciers and ice sheets transition from resting on solid ground to floating on seawater.

Human Geography

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The Earth can be divided into two main systems: the geosphere and the biosphere. Image: USGS, public domain.

What are the Earth System’s Four Spheres?

The systems of the earth can be divided into two main areas: geosphere and biosphere.

Tourists with cameras photography a grizzly bear crossing the road.

The Recreational Value of Nature and Wildlife

Measuring the economic benefits of wildlife and outdoor areas supports conservation with tools like the NPS Visitor Spending Effects.