Biogeography

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of animals.

Tracking Ocean Currents With Seabirds

Caitlin Dempsey

A group of researchers wanted to test if drifting seabirds could offer a novel way of collecting data about sea current velocity and direction.

Source: Watson et al., 2018

Mapping the Last Wilderness

Katarina Samurović

An international group of scientists led by James E. M. Watson and James R. Allan mapped the world’s remaining terrestrial wilderness in 2016.

More Animals Are Becoming Nocturnal Thanks to Human Activity

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers from UC Berkeley undertook a study that looks at the effect of human activity on the daily activity patterns of wildlife.

Study Finds a Lower Abundance of Songbirds in Poorer Urban Areas in England

Caitlin Dempsey

A recently published study looked at the spatial relationship between people and birds across urban areas in Southern England in order to understand patterns of abundance and species richness among birds in populated areas.  

An aerial view of a chinstrap penguin rookery. Photo: Dr. Mike Goebel, NOAA NMFS SWFSC Credit: NOAA NMFS SWFSC Antarctic Marine Living Resources (AMLR) Program, public domain

King Penguins Like to Maintain Just the Right Amount of Personal Space

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers found a liquid-like spacing in King penguin colonies is the result of a balance between territorial pecking and a need to form in large groups as protection against predators.

Source: Oliver et al, 2018

Marine Heatwaves are Becoming Longer and More Frequent

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers, using satellite observations, have found that marine heatwaves are becoming more frequent and longer lasting.

Debris from the 2011 Japanese Tsunami Carried Almost 300 Marine Species Across the Pacific Ocean

Caitlin Dempsey

A group of researchers inventoried what marine species traveled across the Pacific Ocean between 2012 and 2017 as the result of a biological rafting event created by the 2011 Japanese Tsunami.

Sensing Longitude Among Birds

Elizabeth Borneman

A study has shown that the Eurasian reed warbler is able to sense magnetic declination and use that information to determine their migratory flight path.

Animated Map Shows Animal and Bird Migrations

Elizabeth Borneman

Scientists modelled animal migrations based on global climate change patterns and created a map that showed potential future migrations of different species in North, Central, and South America.

Tree Migration Direction Affected by Climate Change

Elizabeth Borneman

Ecologists have found that climate change, as it changes precipitation levels and temperatures, is causing trees to grow in different locations than they have traditionally taken root.

Map showing forest distribution in drylands. Yellow areas are plots without forests and green areas are plots with forest cover. Source: Bastin et. al, 2017).

By Using High-resolution Satellite Imagery to Survey Drylands, Researchers Boosted Estimates of Global Forest Cover by 9%

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers, using high-resolution satellite imagery, have discovered there is about 40-47% more forest cover in dryland biomes than previously thought.

Adonis, a Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii) is the oldest known living tree in Europe. Photo: Dr Oliver Konter, Mainz

Adonis: Europe’s Oldest Known Living Tree

Elizabeth Borneman

A 1,075-year old pine tree known as Adonis is believed to be the oldest tree in Europe.

Great Elephant Census

Elizabeth Borneman

The group called Elephants Without Borders has recently finished a two-year survey of African elephants across the entire continent, known as the Great Elephant Census (GEC).

Online Atlas Tracks Ecologically Troubled Areas of the World

Caitlin Dempsey

A new atlas produced by Richard Weller from the University of Pennsylvania tracks how urban sprawl and human activities are endangering bioregions on Earth.

Polar Bears Can Be Found in Which Countries?

Caitlin Dempsey

Learn about which countries contain the habitat range of the polar bear as well as a map of the polar bear habitat.

Habitat Fragmentation: A Multi-Scale Approach detailing its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems

Geo Contributor

An analysis performed at multiple spatial and temporal scales argues that destruction and degradation of natural ecosystems are the primary cause of global declines in biodiversity.

Lateral view of the head of Günther snake (Microcephalophis cantoris). Source: Rezaie-Atagholipour et al., 2016).

Adapting to Live in a Hypersaline Environment

A.J. Rohn

In their field work, the Iranian and French researchers encountered a Günther’s sea snake in the Persian Gulf, beyond what was thought to be its geographical range.

Red mangrove habitat, Everglades National Park. Photo: NPS

Mangrove Ecosystems’ Importance and Vulnerability to Climate Change

A.J. Rohn

Scientists in Australia have discovered that mangrove ecosystems in Queensland are dying at rates that have never been seen before.

Chernobyl radiation map, Source: CIA handbook. 1996.

Life Persists Around Chernobyl

A.J. Rohn

Researchers are studying radiation's impact on wildlife and habitats in Chernobyl's exclusion zone.

A map showing marina protected areas with labels in Northern California.

Negotiations Underway at United Nations for Marine Protected Areas

A.J. Rohn

The United Nations is currently developing regulations for ocean waters beyond national boundaries and exclusive economic zones, extending beyond 200 miles.

Cloud cover based on 15 years of satellite observations captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors on NASA’s Aqua and Terra satellites.

Using Clouds to Map Ecosystem Boundaries

Elizabeth Borneman

Researching clouds and their impact on ecosystems and species could help researchers find an entirely new way to see the Earth. By looking at clouds, researchers can add a layer of evidence to existing theories and practices of conservation of land and animals.

Map showing the study area in the northern Sierra Nevada ecoregion, California, USA, above 914 m elevation (3000 feet).

How Climate Change is Affecting the Forests of the Sierra Nevada

Elizabeth Borneman

Climate change is causing certain key species in the Sierra Nevada mountains to change where they are growing according to a study published by the journal California Fish and Game.

(a) Configuration of sampling site in Flagstaff office 1. This configuration was similar to those set up in all offices. Signs on the wall adjacent to wall sampling plate describe the project, as request that the materials not be touched. (b) Diagram of single sampling plate illustrating nine sampling swatches (circles) of three different materials, one row for tracking equilibrium relative humidity of the materials (Row #1), one row for infrequent sampling (Row #2), and one row for frequent sampling (Row #3). (c) Samples were collected from rows 2 and 3 of all sampling plates from three offices in each of our three cities in four intensive sampling periods over the course of one year. Coloring of sampling swatches in this figure illustrates the change in bacterial Phylogenetic Diversity over the year.

Geography of Microbiomes

Elizabeth Borneman

Researchers have determined that geography seems to be the most influential factor in determining what kinds of microbial life would be found in a variety of local office settings.

California Red-legged Frog Photo Credit: G. Fellers, U.S. Geological Survey

Using Song Meters to Count Frog Populations

Elizabeth Borneman

Conservationists use cameras, acoustic sensors, and audio recording devices to count the red-legged frog in Watsonville Slough, Santa Cruz County.

Map of the Elwha River in Washington and the location of the two former dams. Map: USGS

How Unleashing Two Dams Extended Washington’s Coast

Elizabeth Borneman

The removal of two dams along the Elwha River in the Olympic Peninsula caused an expansion of the coastline of Washington and created a massive estuary.

The Caño Cristales up close. Photo: Mario Carvajal, Caño Crystals Project.

Caño Cristales, the Rainbow River

Elizabeth Borneman

The river Caño Cristales, is also known as the river of five colors for the vibrant path it winds through the Colombian landscape.