GIS Data

This category contains introductory text about GIS data such as types of error in GIS datasets, types of GIS data (raster and vector), and metadata.

This ALOS PALSAR interferogram shows uplift and subsidence related with a June 2007 earthquake on Kilauea Volcano.

How the Satellite Imagery Industry is Re-inventing Itself

Eric van Rees

Joe Morrison discusses how new businesses are developing tools that use satellite imagery and SAR to quantify climate-related disasters.

Underground flow in Florida. Photo: Patty Metz, U.S. Geological Survey. Public domain

Mapping Underground Features

Mark Altaweel

In recent decades, mapping underground features, such as physical structures or even sounds, has substantially improved.

This image provided by the USGS compares impervious surfaces in Boise, Idaho in 2001, 2008, and 2019.

USGS Releases Two Decades of Land Cover Change for the Contiguous United States

Caitlin Dempsey

The USGS has updated land cover maps for the conterminous United States, which show how the country's landscapes have changed over the last 18 years.

Building structure captured beneath tree canopy. Image: VeriDaaS, used with permission.

Next-generation Lidar: Seeing the Forest Through the Trees

Geo Contributor

Next-generation Geiger-mode lidar’s high density and multi-angle looks offer a better chance of seeing through tree foliage to map what's underneath.

Screenshot showing the Esri 2020 Land Cover.

2020 Global Land Use Data

Caitlin Dempsey

A GIS dataset of land cover for the entire world was recently released.

An example of map vandalism where this area of farmland was given a network of non-existent roadwork by a user. Example from OpenStreetMap, CC BY-SA 2.0

Efforts to Combat Map Vandalism in OpenStreetMap Data

Mark Altaweel

Map vandalism is the deliberate wrong change or update to map data, such as adding an incorrect name for a street or place.

Infographic from MapScaping summering a recent podcast about super-resolution imaging.

Super-resolution Imaging

Mark Altaweel

Super-resolution is a technique derived from computer vision approaches that tries to increase the quality of an image by employing algorithms and upsampling to improve image sampling.

Screenshot from the Humanitarian OpenStreeMap Team web site.

Mapping Our World, Saving Lives with Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team

Geo Contributor

The “Mapping our World: Saving Lives” episode of the AfricaGeoConvo Podcast, examines the world of mapping and volunteering, with Geoffrey Kateregga.

Geiger mode 3DEP lidar point cloud over Chicago, IL from 3DEP Project USGS Lidar Point Cloud IL 4County Cook 2017. Image: Jason Stoker. USGS, Public domain.

Geiger-mode Lidar and Geospatial Data Acquisition

Geo Contributor

Paul Nash discuses Geiger-mode lidar and its use in geospatial data acquisition.

Screenshot showing the interactive ecoregions map.

Terrestrial Ecoregions GIS Data

Caitlin Dempsey

The terrestrial ecoregions dataset is available both in shapefile format and as a Google Engine dataset.

Image of a screenshot from QGIS with arrows leading from different GIS file formats to QGIS.

Open Geospatial Standards

Mark Altaweel

The creation of geospatial standards is critical for sharing data among different technologies and industries.

Image by NextBillion.ai. Incorrect POIs lead to inaccurate ETAs

Last-Mile Problem: Achieve Pinpoint Accuracy With Hyperlocal Maps

Geo Contributor

Curated points-of-interest of a hyperlocal mapping and routing solution enable enterprises to lower cancellations and achieve higher map accuracy.

OpenStreetMap relies on contributions from thousands of volunteers to contribute and edit GIS data. Screenshot taken 10-Feb-2021.

OpenStreetMap: One of the World’s Largest Collaborative Geospatial Projects

Mark Altaweel

OpenStreetMap is a community project with the goal of mapping the world using a crowdsourcing, collaborative method.

Uplift and subsidence associated with a June 2007 earthquake swam on Kilauea Volcano are depicted in this ALOS PALSAR interferogram. Kilauea Volcano, located on the southeast portion of the island of Hawaii, has been erupting continuously since 1993. Credit: Zhong Lu, USGS.

Synthetic-Aperture Radar (SAR), Earth Observation, and Mapping

Mark Altaweel

Synthetic-Aperture Radar (SAR) is becoming more widely available and increasingly part of Earth observation satellites.

GIS Data for California Public Schools

Caitlin Dempsey

California School Campus Database (CSCD) offers a GIS dataset that contains all of the public school locations from K-12 grades for California.  

Screenshot of Mars from Esri's Explore Mars! site.

Using GIS to Explore Mars

Mark Altaweel

Esri’s Explore Mars site allows you to explore the surface of Mars and make some basic geospatial measurements.

Diagram showing the integration of radar data from UAVSAR flights in 2010, 2017, and 2020 over Angeles National Forest.

Monitoring Vegetation Regrowth After Fire With Remote Sensing

Mark Altaweel

Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) is being used to map post-fire vegetation recovery.

A zoomed-in view of the Urban–Rural Catchment Areas (URCAs) GIS dataset.

New GIS Dataset on the Interconnection Between Urban Centers and Rural Areas

Geo Contributor

A freely downloadable GIS dataset – the Urban–Rural Catchment Areas (URCAs) – shows the diversity of urban-rural systems worldwide.

OpenStreetMap relies on contributions from thousands of volunteers to contribute and edit GIS data. Screenshot taken 10-Feb-2021.

The “Bystander Effect” With Crowdsourcing GIS Data

Mark Altaweel

A recent research article found that users are less inclined to contribute to crowdsourced geospatial sites like OpenStreetMap and Waze if they know others are already contributing.

The Atlas of the Human Planet 2020 has an interface for downloading free GIS data produced by the Global Human Settlement Layer. Screenshot from Atlas of the Human Planet.

Atlas of the Human Planet: Free GIS Data and Tools

Mark Altaweel

The Atlas of the Human Planet 2020 provides GIS Data for research, policy, and action that can be used to document the presence of humanity on Earth.

Quantarctica – Free GIS Data for QGIS

Caitlin Dempsey

Quantarctica is a collection of freely downloadable GIS data for Antartica.

NASA Earth Observatory maps by Joshua Stevens, using data from Sandwell, D. et al. (2014).

Mapping the Ocean Floor by 2030

Mark Altaweel

A MapScaping podcast episode with NOAA's Samuel Greenaway discusses how mapping the seafloor will be a major challenge this decade.

Urban trees provide many benefits such as absorbing heat, filtering pollution, and absorbing carbon dioxide from the air. Photo: Willow Oak in City Park, USGS, public domain.

Google Launches AI powered Tree Canopy Lab

Katarina Samurović

Google is using artificial intelligence to develop maps of tree canopy from its aerial imagery.

Retreating glacier south of Mt. Pendleton in Denali National Park, Alaska, with runoff from glacial melt seen in the foreground. Photo: Dennis G. Dye, U.S. Geological Survey. Public domain.

The Use of Gravimetry Satellites for Measuring Ice and Sea Level Change

Mark Altaweel

Satellites now allow researchers to make more accurate mass measurements to large areas covered by ice and understand the effects of snow and ice melt on sea level change.

A black and white dot map showing ZIP codes in the continental United States.

Understanding and mapping ZIP Codes

Caitlin Dempsey

Resources for accessing ZIP code data. Ben Fry has created zipdecode that shows the location of all the ZIP codes in the United States.

Researchers from the University of Santa Cruz, California, used Picterra to detect and count sea lions and seals living on Año Nuevo Island from imagery. Source: Picterra.

Machine Learning and Object Detection in Spatial Analysis

Mark Altaweel

Picterra offers a relatively easy to use interface that allows users train AI on satellite and aerial imagery to detect features.