GIS Data

This category contains introductory text about GIS data such as types of error in GIS datasets, types of GIS data (raster and vector), and metadata.

Free Online Geocoder

Caitlin Dempsey

Online geocoder services will generate latitude and longitude coordinates for a list of addresses.

Artistic rendering of the Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite. Image: Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Mapping Sea-Level Rise with Sentinel-6

Mark Altaweel

The recent launch of Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich/Jason CS is the latest mission that will collect high resolution sea level measurements.

Map of the global distribution of mean annual soil respiration (Rs) between 2000 and 2014. Figure: Huang et al., 2020.

Mapping Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Soil Respiration

Mark Altaweel

Researchers recently developed a map of the global distribution of mean annual soil respiration (Rs) between 2000 and 2014.

An example of the building footprints open data set for Australia. Source: Microsoft.

11,334,866 Building Footprints for Australia

Caitlin Dempsey

Microsoft has released 11,334,866 building footprints covering the country of Australia.

The left image shows the USDA CDL layer for Corn and soybean classification around Webster City, Hamilton County, Iowa in 2001. The right image shows the results of the Corn-Soy Data Layer (CSDL). Figure: Wang et al., 2020.

Mapping Crops: Filling in Data Gaps with Landsat Archives

Caitlin Dempsey

A recent study analyzed twenty years of Landsat data to look at corn and soybean crops across the US Midwest from 1998-2018.

Screenshot from the Forest Observatory site.

The Important of Mapping Trees for Wildfire Management

Mark Altaweel

The California Forest Observatory, created by Salo Sciences, has applied a new artificial intelligence tool that maps every tree in California.

Screenshot from the Fire Activity Map from the University of California Cooperative Extension. Taken September 13, 2020.

Using GIS to Monitor the West Coast Wildfires

Mark Altaweel

With fires raging in California, Oregon, and Washington, scientists, activists, geospatial companies, and others are using GIS and spatial data to better inform and protect communities.

A screenshot from the MyShake Android app.

Earthquake Detection Using Smartphones

Mark Altaweel

Using aggregated accelerometer data across many smartphones, many of us can now better access a large-scale earthquake warning system.

Map A shows OpenStreetMap (OSM) building footprints overplayed onto an aerial. Map B shows predicted building footprint by area. The darker purple areas predict a high frequency of building footprints. The yellow overlay are the OSM building footprint layer. Source: Goldblatt, Jones, & Mannix, 2020, CC BY 4.0

Using Open Source Geospatial Tools to Find Missing Building Footprints

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers have developed a methodology that uses remote sensing measurements to predict completeness in coverage of building footprints in OpenStreetMap data.

Researchers have mapped out the ecological quality of tropical forests using satellite data.

Mapping Tropical Forest Quality from Satellite Data

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers have created high resolution maps of tropical forest quality using remotely sensed data from NASA satellites.

Screenshot of the OpenTopography map interface.

Find Open Sources of Elevation Data With OpenTopography

Caitlin Dempsey

OpenTopography is a portal that provides access to open sources of topographical datasets and processing tools.

Main sources of open health facility location data for Africa and dataflows between them. Source: South, A., Dicko, A., Herringer, M., Macharia, P. M., Maina, J., Okiro, E. A., ... & van der Walt, A. (2020). A rapid and reproducible picture of open access health facility data in Africa to support the COVID-19 response. Wellcome Open Research, 5(157), 157. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16075.1

Open Geospatial Data and COVID-19

Mark Altaweel

Some of the key GIS datasets being used today for research and outreach related to COVID-19 are assessed and reviewed.

Cube sats. Image: NASA.

Recent Developments in Remote Sensing and Earth Observation

Mark Altaweel

Remote sensing and earth observation capabilities at satellite, aerial, UAV, and ground levels have radically improved in the last decade.

Maps showing the different in detail and resolution of International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) between Ver. 3.0 (500 × 500 m resolution) and Ver. 4.0 (200m x 200m resolution) in two areas of the Lomonosov Ridge. Source: Jakobsson, M., Mayer, L.A., Bringensparr, C. et al. The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 4.0. Sci Data 7, 176 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0520-9

How Geospatial Technologies are Helping to Complete the Effort to Map the World’s Ocean Floor

Mark Altaweel

Only 20% of the ocean's floor has been mapping in detail.

Three different GIS datasets were used to create the Global Subnational River Borders. Source: Popelka and Smith, 2020.

Rivers as Borders: GIS Dataset Available

Caitlin Dempsey

The Global Subnational River Borders GIS dataset is freely available.

The Earth Archive Project and 3D Mapping the Earth

Mark Altaweel

The Earth Archive Project, launched in 2019, is a project that will provide a detailed 3D map of the entire Earth.

Screenshot of drone survey at 50m altitude over waters adjacent to Raine Island reef edge showing a painted turtle shell and unpainted shells. Dunstan et al., 2020.

Using Drones to More Accurately Count Sea Turtles

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers have found that using drones and underwater cameras is a quicker and more accurate way to count green turtles.

This map showing the average monthly temperature in the United States for April 2020 is an example of a GIS dataset that is continuous. Map: NOAA.

What is Continuous Versus Discrete Data in GIS?

Caitlin Dempsey

All datasets in GIS can be categorized as being either discrete or continuous.

Parcel data is a form of cadastral GIS Data showing the boundaries and attribute information about properties in a given area.

What is Cadastral GIS Data?

Caitlin Dempsey

Cadastral GIS data is data that contains information about land ownership. Parcel datasets are one form of cadastral GIS data. ...

Satellite Mapping of Oceans and Coral Reefs

Mark Altaweel

In 2018, NASA launched the ICESat-2 satellite to monitor levels of ice. Researchers have found that this satellite can also measure coral reef systems.

New Satellite Technologies to Monitor Volcanoes and Earthquakes

Mark Altaweel

One relatively new satellite is a small satellite system called the CubeSat Imaging Radar for Earth Sciences (CIRES).

Using Location Data to Map People’s Movements, Social Distancing Efforts, and the Spread of COVID-19

Mark Altaweel

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, mobility data is being used to track and map out social distancing compliance and track the spread of the coronavirus.

How Weather Forecasting is Affected by Coronavirus-Related Flight Cancellations

Mark Altaweel

Grounded flights due to the coronavirus pandemic is resulting in far fewer aircraft weather observations and less access to repair remote weather stations.

Open Access Novel Coronavirus Data

Caitlin Dempsey

A newly published article in Nature's Sci Data decribes how epidemiologists collected and curated individual-level novel coronavirus data from a variety of national, local, and news sources.

Access Open GIS Data for Almost 11 Million Trees with OpenTrees

Caitlin Dempsey

Developed by Steve Bennett, OpenTrees.org lets you visualize and download GIS data for almost 11 million city and park trees around the world.

Updated Global Elevation Data Released by NASA

Caitlin Dempsey

A new global digital elevation model (DEM) has been released by NASA.