Human Geography

Human geography is a branch of geography that focuses on the study of the human population and their cultural, economic, and social interactions with the environment. It examines the distribution of human populations across the globe, the impact of human activity on the natural environment, and the ways in which people use and manage natural resources.

Learn about the different areas of human geography including economic geography, population geography, cultural geography, and more.

Base map: Equal Earth Physical Map, public domain

What is the Nationality of a Baby Born on an Airplane?

Rebecca Maxwell

It is a question that confounds the most geographically and legally astute: what is the nationality of a baby born on an airplane?

What is Contemporary Geography?

Joe Akintola

The study of Geography has always been evolving and at critical times there have always been question such as “why ...

Map showing locations of plots included in this study. Map: Brienen et al, 2015.

Reducing Climate Change Could Be More Difficult in the Future

Rebecca Maxwell

A recent study has declared that limiting climate change in the future could be more difficult due to shifting conditions ...

Geographic distribution of archaeological cultures and graphic illustration of proposed population movements. Source: Haak et. al, 2015).

Geographic Spread of the Indo-European Language Family

Caitlin Dempsey

A recent study by the Australian Centre for Ancient DNA and Harvard Medical School looked at the initial dissemination of Indo-European languages.

The World’s Largest Mass Migration

Caitlin Dempsey

Surrounding the Chinese New Year is a forty-day travel period known as "Chunyun," meaning “Spring Festival Transport”. Each year, Chinese officials calculate that well over 3 billion passenger trips occur during this period and overwhelms the Chinese transportation system.

Picture of a bar of dark chocolate.

Economic Geography of Your Valentine’s Day Chocolate

Devon Reeser

Americans spent $700 million on chocolate treats for Valentine’s Day in 2014.

The Treaty of Utrecht. Image: Wikipedia Commons.

Conflict over Gibraltar: Who has control?

Geo Contributor

Gibraltar is a 6.5 square kilometer territory located south of the Spanish border, along the Strait of Gibraltar. The small ...

In the Turkana culture, owning livestock is a sign of wealth. Photo: EC/ECHO/Malini Morzaria

Why Development Aid Projects Must First Factor Local Culture

Devon Reeser

Why do some multi-million dollar aid projects fail? The aid itself is not generally the problem, but the lack of local, geographic specific cultural analysis in planning and implementation is most often to blame.

Map of farming systems in Africa. Source: FAO-United Nations.

How Rapid Urbanization Threatens Human Populations: Three Effects of a Moving World

Devon Reeser

The dramatic shift of the earth’s human population to cities is not only straining urban infrastructures, but also the human population itself. Three significant human threats resulting from rapid urbanization in developing countries are increased intense agriculture from the commoditization of food, rising diabetes and heart disease rates, and brain waste of our global youth.

Times Square by Bert Monroy.

Bert Monroy – An Artist at the Intersection of Geography and Art

Kristina Jacob

Kristina Jacobs interviews Bert Monroy about his geography themed art.

Arriving in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea. Photo: Arriving Pyongyang by Clay Gilliland, https://flic.kr/p/oWzGuu, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/

Tourism in North Korea

Elizabeth Borneman

More and more people are flocking to the tightly controlled state for a peek into one of the most mysterious nations on Earth.

Megacity

Caitlin Dempsey

A megacity in geography is an urban area that contains more than 10 million residents.

Graph of changes in population for France (red) and Japan (blue). Graph: Ryan Chew.

Why is the Population of Japan Almost Double That of France?

Elizabeth Borneman

Different countries around the world vary in cultures, populations and traditions, which helps make up the wonderfully diverse world we ...

Alfred Watkins' map of two putative ley lines. Image: public domain, MediaWiki commons.

What are Ley Lines?

Elizabeth Borneman

The theory of geography that surrounds the existence of ley lines was created in 1921 by a man named Alfred Watkins.

Atlantic Ocean sunrise as seen from a Florida beach. Photo: Randolph Femmer, USGS. Public domain

Who Owns the Oceans?

Elizabeth Borneman

This article explores some of the international convention on jurisdiction over oceans.

Ebola outbreak distribution map for West Africa. Source: CDC, October 10, 2014.

How the Ebola Outbreak has Highlighted Ignorance of Africa’s Geography

Caitlin Dempsey

Despite the Ebola outbreak currently only affecting three countries that together make up less than 2% of the total area of Africa, the perception among some is that the entire continent of Africa is currently at risk.

Concentrations of marine debris known as the Ocean Garbage Patch in the North Pacific Ocean. Map: NOAA.

Ocean Garbage Patches

Elizabeth Borneman

Ocean garbage patches are concentrations of marine debris located in the North Pacific Ocean. These garbage patches are comprised of ...

A map of California with major cities label and a red arrow with the label "down" pointing from San Jose to Los Angeles and a red arrow point from San Francisco to Eureka with the label "up".

Geocentric Direction Systems

Joe Akintola

A geocentric direction system is a topography-dependent orientation system.

Satellite view of the Uffington White Horse. Source: NASA.

What is a Geoglyph?

Joe Akintola

A geoglyph is a work of art which is created by arranging or moving objects within a landscape.

Map showing location of BRICS countries. Map: Cflm001, Mediaiwiki, public domain.

What Does the Acronym BRICS Stand For?

Joe Akintola

The term “BRICs” is an acronym developed from the names of countries that are in a similar stage of newly advanced economic ...

Number of check-ins throughout the hours of the day in different countries (WD = weekday; WE = weekend).

Using Social Media to Track Global Eating Habits

Caitlin Dempsey

According to researchers, social media can be used to track and understand eating habits from around the world.  These researchers ...

Geography of Car Thefts in the United States

Caitlin Dempsey

The National Insurance Crime Bureau (NICB) each year takes a look at the national picture in terms of car thefts. 

Sleep patterns by Jawbone UP users around the time of the Napa earthquake.

Who Did the Napa Earthquake Wake Up?

Caitlin Dempsey

Jawbone aggregated data from thousands of UP activity trackers to see what percentage of people in the Bay Area were woken up by the Napa earthquake.

Map of nations using English as a de facto or official majority language (dark blue) or an official minority language (light blue)

Geography of Languages

Caitlin Dempsey

Information about which country has the most spoken languages, which country has the most official languages, and which language is spoken in the most countries.

Map showing the urban heat island effect in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Hot Cities Getting Hotter in the US

Caitlin Dempsey

Climate Central has published a new report that took at look at the increases in temperature in sixty of the largest U.S. cities.

Mean air temperature in Paris, France at 22:00 CESTin summer 2003. Credits: VITO, Planetek.

Urban Heat Islands

Elizabeth Borneman

Urban heat islands are places in the world that have higher temperatures than the locations around them. These urban heat ...