GIS Data

This category contains introductory text about GIS data such as types of error in GIS datasets, types of GIS data (raster and vector), and metadata.

Open Data Site Established for Hurricane Harvey

Caitlin Dempsey

An open data site has been set up to house GIS data from authoritative sources relating to Hurricane Harvey.

How LiDAR is Being Used to Help With Natural Disaster Mapping and Management

Geo Contributor

Michael Shillenn, vice president and program manager with Quantum Spatial outlines three projects where LiDAR data from the USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) has been used to assist in planning, disaster response and recovery, and emergency preparedness.  

View Arctic Elevation Data with ArcDem Explorer

Elizabeth Borneman

ArcticDEM is a project that is working to produce digital elevation models of the Arctic in order to see how topographical changes are occurring over time, such as the rate at which glaciers are receding.

Types of Digitizing Errors in GIS

Digitizing Errors in GIS

Caitlin Dempsey

Digitizing in GIS is the process of converting geographic data either from a hardcopy or a scanned image into vector GIS data by tracing the features. Explained in this article are the types of common digitizing errors found when creating geographic data within GIS.

Jason-2 Satellite to Help Improve Maps of Sea Floor

Elizabeth Borneman

Jason-2 will be collecting data about the sea floor every 5 miles, which will be used to create a high-definition estimate of the average surface height of the ocean in various places around the globe.

Map created with data before generalization (left) and after automatic generalization (right).

Automated Generalization Sped Up Cartographic Output by 40% for This German Mapping Agency

1Spatial

Working with 1Spatial, AdV’s ATKIS-Gen Project Group's cartographic output is 40% faster with automated generalization.  

Seven forest canopy traits mapped throughout the Peruvian Andes-to-Amazon region by using airborne imaging spectroscopy and modeling.

Mapping Rainforest Chemistry

Elizabeth Borneman

Researchers mapped 23 chemicals that are released by the rainforests in Peru with laser-guided imaging spectroscopy.

ESA’s Swarm Satellites Reveal Detailed Variations in the Earth’s Magnetic Field

Caitlin Dempsey

Three years of data collection the European Space Agency's (ESA) Swarm satellites has resulted in the highest resolution map of Earth’s lithospheric magnetic field.

How 1Spatial is Helping the Arizona Department of Transportation Automate Validation of State-Wide Road Network

1Spatial

Sheila Steffenson discusses how the Arizona Department of Transport will be able to validate and integrate its own road network information with regular updates from multiple contributing government bodies within the state using 1Spatial technology.

3.1-Trillion Pixel Landsat 8 Mosaic of the World

Elizabeth Borneman

Descartes Labs has compiled some of the massive amount of data sent back from the satellites orbiting Earth into a 3.1-trillion pixel composite image of Earth’s surface.

Advances in Landsat Sensors

Elizabeth Borneman

Since those first images in 1972, multiple Landsat satellites have been launched with the ability to take increasingly detailed pictures of our world.

Open Data Program Launched by DigitalGlobe

Caitlin Dempsey

The Open Data program offers high-resolution satellite imagery and crowdsourced GIS layers for large-scale natural disasters.

How Robots Can Help Improve GIS Data

Mark Altaweel

Robotic platforms are actively used to collect spatial data, including GPS data, to help map floor plans and wider areas.

Mapping Billions of Data Points in Milliseconds

Elizabeth Borneman

With its GPU power, MapD can process and map billions of data points in milliseconds.

Learn How to Access and Use Sentinel-3 Data

Caitlin Dempsey

Learn how to download and use earth observation data from ESA's Sentinel-3 satellite.

User can browse and located government agencies and organizations that use open data.

Find Users of Open GIS Data from Around the World Thanks to the Center for Open Data Enterprise

Liam Oakwood

The Center for Open Data Enterprise is working to improve the quality of open access data worldwide, including GIS data sources.

Eights different scenarios of change on a feature. From: Harbelot, Arenas, and Cruz, 2013.

GIS and Semantics: Enabling the Discoverability of Data

Mark Altaweel

Much like the semantic web, methods exist in GIS to streamline the search of diverse geospatial data through certain protocols and standards.

Artistic concept of Landsat 9. Source: NASA.

Landsat 9 Will Launch in 2020

Liam Oakwood

The Landsat series of satellites has been imaging the Earth’s surface for nearly 50 years, providing vital imagery for a range of purposes from the natural sciences to civil administration and conflict monitoring. NASA and the USGS recently announced that the next iteration of the program, Landsat 9, is due to launch in 2020.

A Screenshot of the Yiyun Interactive Map for Ya’an Earthquake Disaster Relief (10 August 2014). Source: Elwood, Goodchild, & Sui, 2012.

GIS and Social Activism

Mark Altaweel

Groups promoting various causes are implementing geospatial approaches and GIS related technologies.

Structure-from-Motion (SfM). Instead of a single stereo pair, the SfM technique requires multiple, overlapping photographs as input to feature extraction and 3-D reconstruction algorithms. From: Westoby et al., 2012.

Making 3D Models with Photogrammetry

Mark Altaweel

With the prevalence of smartphones and drones, photogrammetry is now widely present as an effective and cost-efficient method to easily recreate 3D models of large areas and specific objects or buildings.

Artistic rendition of the UNSW-Ec0 cubesat. Image: UNSW Websites This website HomeEngineering The Australian Centre for Space Engineering Research (ACSER).

Mini Satellite Constellation to Explore the Outer Reaches of Our Atmosphere

Liam Oakwood

An international scientific project is conducting an unprecedented study of the atmosphere’s outermost layer. Fifty tiny satellites will measure the attributes of the thermosphere, a poorly understood but vitally important region.

Integrating Spatiotemporal Data with Terra Populous

Elizabeth Borneman

Terra Populus is a project designed to combine data sets and geographic information to facilitate finding and extracting data for research.

Figure 5 The point, line, and polygon are shown on Google Earth

A Look at KML, an Open Standard to Represent and Visualize Spatial Information

Geo Contributor

Yang Zhang, associate professor, and Matthew W. McBroom, professor, with Stephen F. Austin State University, provide a brief systematic introduction to KML (Keyhole Markup Language) files.

View Landsat 8 Imagery With This Free Tool

Caitlin Dempsey

Users can search, view, and access Landsat 8 imagery with this free online web viewer developed by EOS Data Analytics.

Image from the EO4OG webpage (accessed July 2016)

Use of Earth Observation Data for Oil and Gas

Geo Contributor

Andrew Cutts, owner of ACGeospatial, discusses the role of GIS and earth observation data in the oil and gas industry in this guest article.

Screenshot from the GAEZ data portal.

FAO Uses GIS to Protect Agricultural Economy of Vulnerable Countries

Geo Contributor

Lucia Moro, with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Geospatial of the United Nations, discusses the agency's work on the development of a global land cover database to support agricultural policy makers and rural land use planners efforts to reduce poverty.