climate change

Researchers are Using Machine Learning to Better Predict Weather Patterns

Caitlin Dempsey

The enormous amount of data fromย Earth-observing satellites is pushing researchers to use machine learning to mine the information and improve climate models.

3D Model of the Movement of Carbon Dioxide Through Earth’s Atmosphere

Elizabeth Borneman

NASA has created a model of the way carbon dioxide moves through Earthโ€™s atmosphere.

Tree Migration Direction Affected by Climate Change

Elizabeth Borneman

Ecologists have found that climate change, as it changes precipitation levels and temperatures, is causing trees to grow in different locations than they have traditionally taken root.

Coral Bleaching of the Great Barrier Reef

Elizabeth Borneman

The Great Barrier Reef has undergone two severe bleaching events in successive years. This has been caused by the warming of the oceans due to climate change.

Maps showing how climate change will adversely affect the United States in areas of agriculture, crime, life span, property damage, and labor. Source: Hsiang, et. al, 2017.

Model Predicts Economic Damage from Climate Change to be Greatest in the South in the US

Caitlin Dempsey

A new model maps out the agriculture, crime, coastal storms, energy, human mortality, and labor costs of climate change in the United States.

Study Examines Trends in Global Warming

Elizabeth Borneman

A multi-institutional study has recently come out with new research that studied the temporary slowdown of rising temperatures around the Earth.

Lateral view of the head of Gรผnther snake (Microcephalophis cantoris). Source: Rezaie-Atagholipour et al., 2016).

Adapting to Live in a Hypersaline Environment

A.J. Rohn

In their field work, the Iranian and French researchers encountered a Gรผntherโ€™s sea snake in the Persian Gulf, beyond what was thought to be its geographical range.

NASA astronaut photograph of the Earth, ISS022-E-6674.

NASA: September 2016 Warmest on Record:

Elizabeth Borneman

Nasaโ€™s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) has announced that September 2016 was the warmest September ever recorded around the globe.

Storing Carbon in the Soil Through Regenerative Farming

Elizabeth Borneman

In partnership with scientists and researchers, farmers are coming up with different ways to keep soil from degrading and releasing more CO2 into the air.

Red mangrove habitat, Everglades National Park. Photo: NPS

Mangrove Ecosystemsโ€™ Importance and Vulnerability to Climate Change

A.J. Rohn

Scientists in Australia have discovered that mangrove ecosystems in Queensland are dying at rates that have never been seen before.

Climate Explorer lets users adjust map settings to see predicted temperature changes.

Climate Explorer Tool Offers Local Climate Change Maps and Models

A.J. Rohn

Climate Explorer is tool created by a collaboration of many federal agencies that allows users to explore future changes in temperature, precipitation, and heating and cooling days.

On Sept. 19, 2014, the five-day average of Antarctic sea ice extent exceeded 20 million square kilometers for the first time since 1979, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. The red line shows the average maximum extent from 1979-2014. Credits: NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio/Cindy Starr

Antarctic Sea Ice Growth: A Climate Change Paradox

A.J. Rohn

Over the course of the last few years, the growth of Antarcticaโ€™s sea ice was wellยญ documented while the Arctic has experienced ice melt. Different accounts have been given for the paradox at Earthโ€™s poles.

Map showing the study area in the northern Sierra Nevada ecoregion, California, USA, above 914 m elevation (3000 feet).

How Climate Change is Affecting the Forests of the Sierra Nevada

Elizabeth Borneman

Climate change is causing certain key species in the Sierra Nevada mountains to change where they are growing according to a study published by the journal California Fish and Game.

Map showing the regions where natural disasters will occur due to climate change (global warming). The schematic was based on the Environmentally Induced Migration map from GRID Arenal.

Climate Refugees

Elizabeth Borneman

Another kind of refugee situation is growing, one that has nothing to do with politics or wars that displaces people almost indiscriminately, and without regard to factors other than geographic circumstance. This is climate change, and the people who are displaced by rising tides and devastating weather changes are climate refugees.

Carbon, land, material and water footprints for different countries. Source: Ivanova et al., 2016.

Household Consumption Around the World

A.J. Rohn

A new study quantifies national household consumptions to find which countries are most responsible for climate change based on consumption.

Earth's land masses have stored increasing amounts of water in the last decade, slowing the pace of sea level rise. Image credit: U.S. National Park Service

How Continents are Slowing Down Sea Level Rise

Elizabeth Borneman

The continents of earth are helping slow down sea level rise, a new study shows. Melting glaciers and ice sheets are causing sea levels to change around the world, but the continents are actually absorbing a lot of this excess water.

The image on the left, acquired by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8, shows the lake in April 2013 when it still held water. OLI acquired the image on the right in January 2016, by which time the lake had dried up.

Bolivia’s Second Largest Lake has Disappeared

Elizabeth Borneman

Imagery taken in 2013 and again in 2016 shows that Lake Poopรณ, Boliviaโ€™s second largest lake, has dried up.

Modeled optimal September navigation routes for hypothetical ships seeking to cross the Arctic Ocean between the North Atlantic (Rotterdam, The Netherlands and St. Johnโ€™s, Newfoundland) and the Pacific (Bering Strait) during consecutive years 2006โ€“2015 and 2040โ€“2059. Source: Smith and Stephenson, 2013.

The Impacts of Arctic Melt Connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

Elizabeth Borneman

Researchers in Global Change Biology explore how Arctic melt, merging the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, impacts animal migration.

Comparison of land cover between 1968 Corona and 2006 Quickbird images is shown. The upper pair indicates increased tree extent and density (e.g. outlined in green) in undisturbed areas, reflecting positive response of vegetation to climate warming. The lower pair highlights the changes in thermokarst lakes between 1968 (a) and 2006 (b) without much human activity associated disturbance, indicating thawing permafrost that leads to underground drainage.

Changes in Arctic Environments

A.J. Rohn

Using remote sensing, a team of researchers is studying the fragile arctic environments of Northwest Siberia and how resource extraction and a warming climate affect vegetation, permafrost, and energy budgets.

Aerial view of submerged Chennai airport taken by Indian Air Force helicopters following heavy rains in Tamil Nadu, December 2015 Photo: Indian Air Force, 2015.

The Flooding of Chennai: Urban India and Climate Change

A.J. Rohn

In late November and early December, flooding plagued South India and particularly Chennai. AJ Rohn takes a look at the confluence of climate change and urban India.

Map showing the percentage of population with access to electricity. Source: World Bank, 2011-2015.

African Hydropower News

A.J. Rohn

The construction of hydroelectric dams in Sub-Saharan Africa provides the opportunity to bring more power to the region and prepare for rapidly growing populations and offers benefits to health, agriculture, and more

This map of Greenland ice sheet velocity was created using data from Sentinel-1A in Januaryโ€“March 2015 and complemented by the routine 12-day repeat acquisitions of the margins since June 2015. About 1200 radar scenes from the satelliteโ€™s wide-swath mode were used to produce the map, which clearly shows dynamic glacier outlets around the Greenland coast. In particular, the Zachariae Isstrom glacier in the northeast is changing rapidly, and recently reported as having become unmoored from a stabilising sill and now crumbling into the North Atlantic Ocean. (Colour scale in metres per day).

Ice Loss in Greenland

Elizabeth Borneman

Recent research has shown that one of Greelandโ€™s largest glaciers is losing up to five billion tons of ice every year as it melts into the ocean.

Forest canopy water loss from 2011 to 2013, 2013 to 2014, and 2014 to 2015. Black areas indicate fire extents reported between 2011 and 2015 by the US Forest Service. From Asner et al, 2015.

Mapping the Impact of California’s Drought on Its Trees

Elizabeth Borneman

Remote sensing technologies and satellite images were used to map where the California drought is affecting trees the most.

A full year's data collection of carbon dioxide measurements from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) . Source: NASA

Map of Carbon Dioxide Levels Over a Year

Elizabeth Borneman

NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 is a major source of information about the life cycle of carbon dioxide on Earth.

Climate change in the Sahel has resulted in dried lakes, unemployed fishermen, droughts, flooding, conflict, and food insecurity. Map: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment report on Ecosystems and Human Well-Being Desertification Synthesis.

Climate Change and Development

A.J. Rohn

Researchers with the London School of Economics and Political Science published a report as part of the Pathways to Resilience in Semi-Arid Economies project that looks into reconciling economic development and poverty alleviation with climate change.

Scientists followed the journey of water through the Tarim Basin from the rivers at the edge of the valley to the desert aquifers under the basin. They found that as water moved through irrigated fields, the water gathered dissolved carbon and moved it deep underground. Credit: Yan Li

Desert Carbon Sinks

Elizabeth Borneman

Research suggest that the worldโ€™s deserts may be storing some of the climate-changing carbon dioxide emitted by human activities.

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