Mark Altaweel

Mark Altaweel is a Reader in Near Eastern Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, having held previous appointments and joint appointments at the University of Chicago, University of Alaska, and Argonne National Laboratory. Mark has an undergraduate degree in Anthropology and Masters and PhD degrees from the University of Chicago’s Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations.

Using R with GIS Software

Mark Altaweel

With the utility of R, many popular statistical procedures and more advanced analyses, including a variety of simulation applications, can be applied directly within GIS tools such as QGIS.

Data flows and structure of the potential GeoSRM interface extension in order to predict where hazards are likely to occur. Source: Gilchrist et. al, 2016

Using GIS to Assess and Mitigate Rail Hazards

Mark Altaweel

GIS has been of interest to rail companies, NGOs, and governments attempting to minimize a variety of hazards that may affect the rail network.

Interactive map of human slavery data from the Global slavery index.

Geography and Modern Slavery

Mark Altaweel

Human geographers examine the interplay between economics, neoliberal capitalism, geography, and immigration to identify potential hotspots for human trafficking and slavery

Eights different scenarios of change on a feature. From: Harbelot, Arenas, and Cruz, 2013.

GIS and Semantics: Enabling the Discoverability of Data

Mark Altaweel

Much like the semantic web, methods exist in GIS to streamline the search of diverse geospatial data through certain protocols and standards.

Spatial prediction map for the ordinary kriging interpolation of 232 Th. Map: Dindaroğlu, 2014.

Analyzing Risk for Radioactive Materials Using GIS

Mark Altaweel

Earlier GIS studies focused on analyzing safe routes for transporting radioactive materials, while recent ones have quantified the storage risk.

Geography and Inequality

Mark Altaweel

Simple examples of geographic social inequality can be found in major cities, where wealthier urban people generally have access to more housing, food shops, basic amenities, healthcare, and other infrastructure than the urban poor.

How Geography Influences Voting Behavior

Mark Altaweel

Voter turnout in elections is heavily influenced by factors such as geographic proximity to polling places. Voter turnout is influenced by a variety of factors, including race, district size, district redrawing, and even weather. 

Map showing Bolivia and Peru's pre-war borders (shaded colors) and current borders (black line). Map: Keysanger, Wikimedia Commons.

Geography of Conflict

Mark Altaweel

Geography can show us how physical and social factors shape global conflict today and in the past.

LiDAR reveals the underlying history of a landscape. Image from Kate Johnson.

Using GIS in Landscape Archaeology

Mark Altaweel

Landscape archaeology is a discipline where space is critical to understanding ancient settlements and human use of ancient space. The use of GIS is steadily growing as a tool in this field.

Plant species richness for the Australian continent. From: Evolutionary speed limited by water in arid Australia, Goldie et al., 2010.

Using GIS to Understand Species Evolution

Mark Altaweel

Studies have used spatial modeling and GIS approaches to understanding species evolution.

NASA's Night Lights 2012 Map. Source: NASA, public domain.

Geography and Globalization

Mark Altaweel

Globalization, significantly impacting society, has been a popular subject among human geographers.

Flood susceptibility map from Tehran et al., 2015.

GIS and Innovations in Machine Learning

Mark Altaweel

Machine learning or artificial techniques has been rapidly transforming many areas related to GIS and spatial applications

A Screenshot of the Yiyun Interactive Map for Ya’an Earthquake Disaster Relief (10 August 2014). Source: Elwood, Goodchild, & Sui, 2012.

GIS and Social Activism

Mark Altaweel

Groups promoting various causes are implementing geospatial approaches and GIS related technologies.

REACH uses GIS to map out need down to the household in Jamaica. From Westrope, 2013.

How Spatial Modeling Can Help with Refugee Aid

Mark Altaweel

GIS is being used to address the spatial problem of allocating resources and constructing refugee camps.

Structure-from-Motion (SfM). Instead of a single stereo pair, the SfM technique requires multiple, overlapping photographs as input to feature extraction and 3-D reconstruction algorithms. From: Westoby et al., 2012.

Making 3D Models with Photogrammetry

Mark Altaweel

With the prevalence of smartphones and drones, photogrammetry is now widely present as an effective and cost-efficient method to easily recreate 3D models of large areas and specific objects or buildings.

This 3D mapping overlay shows the difference in tooth shape and surface area between a pair of identical twins, demonstrating that factors other than genetics help determine tooth topography. Figure: Yong et al., 2014.

How GIS Can Help Dentists Find Cavities

Mark Altaweel

GIS is making inroads in dentistry, where dentists now use spatial technologies for diagnosis and dental surgery.

This ArcGIS-based story map highlights public gardens featuring native plants.

How GIS is Helping Gardening

Mark Altaweel

GIS is used in gardening to manage and comprehend the spatial layout of plants, from research and public gardens to home and backyard settings.

Screenshot from JMARS.

Using GIS in Space Exploration

Mark Altaweel

While we generally think of GIS applied to objects or systems on Earth, GIS has been of great utility for space exploration.

Using GIS to Map Telecommunications

Mark Altaweel

Mapping telecommunication networks is of great importance to both urban and rural regions, particularly as telecommunication networks become even more vital for our daily lives. Terrain, vegetation, urban regions, and other potential interference are often assessed together and GIS tools such as ArcGIS have developed into an industry standard for forecasting cellular tower locations.

Ideal wind farm locations in Colorado according to GIS model criteria from Janke, 2010.

GIS and Sustainable Energy

Mark Altaweel

GIS has become a critical planning and management tool for addressing where and how to enable sustainable energy efforts.

From Davies et al., 2016: "the results show good qualitative agreement, with 26 of the 33 boroughs showing rioter percentages in the same or adjacent bands as the data. The remaining discrepancy may be accounted for by factors specific to the London disorder, such as communication between groups, other activity patterns occurring at the time, or social factors beyond the scope of this work. "

GIS and Anti-Crime Measures

Mark Altaweel

This article takes a look at methods which demonstrate the wide and growing field of crime prevention utilizing spatial and GIS approaches.

Teaching GIS in Elementary School

Mark Altaweel

Research on how to best implement GIS education for K-12 has looked at the use of web-based GIS and data that is understandable at different levels.

Plugshare is a crowdsourced app for finding charging stations for EV owners.

How GIS is Helping Electric Cars on the Road

Mark Altaweel

GIS is playing an important role by helping drivers plan travel that factors in charging stations.

Map showing the mean NO2 concentration for the entire country of Belgium, for Thursday, October 8, 2015. Source: Dewulf et al., 2016.

GIS, Pollution, and Health

Mark Altaweel

GIS has been used to assist in showing strong or weak links for given health conditions to different types of pollutants.

MeteoInfo, a open source tool that combines data visualization with spatial analysis.

GIS and Visualizing Atmospheric Science Data

Mark Altaweel

The use of new data models has allowed more traditional GIS data models to be integrated with those used in atmospheric science.

How GIS Helps Small Ships Navigate

Mark Altaweel

GIS has been utilized in sailing and other small craft to help navigate not just the location of other vessels but also land features and obstacles that may arise or even cause danger to boats.