Mark Altaweel

Mark Altaweel is a Reader in Near Eastern Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, having held previous appointments and joint appointments at the University of Chicago, University of Alaska, and Argonne National Laboratory. Mark has an undergraduate degree in Anthropology and Masters and PhD degrees from the University of Chicago’s Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations.
Von Thunen's model of agricultural use.

Von Thünen Model of Agricultural Land Use: An Overview

Mark Altaweel

German geographer Johann Heinrich von Thünen created one of the first geographical models related to agricultural land use.

Retreating glacier south of Mt. Pendleton in Denali National Park, Alaska, with runoff from glacial melt seen in the foreground. Photo: Dennis G. Dye, U.S. Geological Survey. Public domain.

The Use of Gravimetry Satellites for Measuring Ice and Sea Level Change

Mark Altaweel

Satellites now allow researchers to make more accurate mass measurements to large areas covered by ice and understand the effects of snow and ice melt on sea level change.

Researchers from the University of Santa Cruz, California, used Picterra to detect and count sea lions and seals living on Año Nuevo Island from imagery. Source: Picterra.

Machine Learning and Object Detection in Spatial Analysis

Mark Altaweel

Picterra offers a relatively easy to use interface that allows users train AI on satellite and aerial imagery to detect features.

Screenshot from GRASS showing part of the user interface. Source: grass.osgeo.org

Why GRASS Delivers Powerful GIS Capabilities

Mark Altaweel

A recent MapScaping podcast with Markus Neteler, chairman on the GRASS GIS Project Steering Committee, makes it is clear that GRASS will continue to be a powerful GIS open source effort for years to come.

An agriculture field in California. Photo: U.S. Geological Survey. Public domain

Geospatial Technology and Challenges of Contemporary Agriculture

Mark Altaweel

Farmers have greater access to geospatial tools that can help mitigate some agricultural challenges.

Artistic rendering of the Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich satellite. Image: Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech

Mapping Sea-Level Rise with Sentinel-6

Mark Altaweel

The recent launch of Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich/Jason CS is the latest mission that will collect high resolution sea level measurements.

The hexagon pattern formed by the distribution of different order settlements in Central Place Theory.

Understanding Central Place Theory: Key Concepts in Urban Geography

Mark Altaweel

In 1933, Walter Christaller introduced Central Place Theory (CPT) as a way to explain the location, number, and size of settlements.

Map of the global distribution of mean annual soil respiration (Rs) between 2000 and 2014. Figure: Huang et al., 2020.

Mapping Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Soil Respiration

Mark Altaweel

Researchers recently developed a map of the global distribution of mean annual soil respiration (Rs) between 2000 and 2014.

Example results on synthesizing photos from Google Maps at 512x512 resolution using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Source: Isola, Zhu, Zhou, & Efros, 2018, CC BY 4.0 https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.07004

Converting Historical Maps to Satellite-Like Imagery

Mark Altaweel

Old maps and images can now be converted to make them similar to our modern satellite-base views, giving stylized views a more realistic appearance.

Clip art showing the coronavirus and a need representing potential vaccinations.

The Potential Role of GIS in COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution

Mark Altaweel

GIS can play a role in developing protocols for the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.

A camera onboard NASA's high-altitude ER-2 aircraft captured this earthquake induced avalanche in northwestern Canada. Source: NASA, public domain

Forecasting and Mitigating Avalanches Using GIS

Mark Altaweel

GIS and computational specialists have been developing models and methods to better forecast the likelihood of avalanches.

John Nelson is well known for his creative cartographic visualizations. One of his latest works is the "100 Years of Wildfire". The effort behind this map can be explored on two Esri blog posts: 100 Years of Wildfire: GIS-ification and 100 Years of Wildfire: Cartograph-izing.

How to Communicate with Maps

Mark Altaweel

Making maps requires a careful balance between science, art, and knowledge of your target audience. Features a MapScaping podcast with Esri's John Nelson.

Recent Developments in Spatial Analysis and Computer Vision

Mark Altaweel

Computer vision offers spatial analysts the possibility to conduct a variety of analyses without using traditional spatial tools.

Database schema.

GIS and SQL

Mark Altaweel

One way to leverage the power of GIS as a data service and analytical tool is to better integrate relational database capabilities.

An analysis by The Washington Post found the 35th Congressional District to be among the top ten gerrymandered congressional districts. Maps created using Natural Earth data and the 16h Congressional District.

Using Spatial Methods to Combat Gerrymandering After the 2020 US Census

Mark Altaweel

The challenge for GIS is to create methods that can better determine what less biased district maps look like that are acceptable to the judiciary.

Screenshot from the Forest Observatory site.

The Important of Mapping Trees for Wildfire Management

Mark Altaweel

The California Forest Observatory, created by Salo Sciences, has applied a new artificial intelligence tool that maps every tree in California.

Laptop with QGIS, a desktop GIS software program

Self-employment in GIS

Mark Altaweel

Self-employment in the GIS industry may seem daunting, but a recent MapScaping podcast with Kurt Menke, founder of Birds Eye View GIS, discusses how to build your own business.

Imagery from NASA of Hurricane Katrina, 2005.

Using GIS to Improve Hurricane Evacuation and Preparedness

Mark Altaweel

As hurricane season gets underway in the Atlantic, GIS is being use to better prepare communities and property from the devastating effects of storms.

Screenshot from the Fire Activity Map from the University of California Cooperative Extension. Taken September 13, 2020.

Using GIS to Monitor the West Coast Wildfires

Mark Altaweel

With fires raging in California, Oregon, and Washington, scientists, activists, geospatial companies, and others are using GIS and spatial data to better inform and protect communities.

A screenshot from the MyShake Android app.

Earthquake Detection Using Smartphones

Mark Altaweel

Using aggregated accelerometer data across many smartphones, many of us can now better access a large-scale earthquake warning system.

Online COVID-19 Maps and the ‘Infodemic’

Mark Altaweel

Researchers have been evaluating the effectiveness and accuracy of online CoVID-19 maps.

Examples of the physical basis for geographic locations likely to experience reduced rates of climate change. Source: Morelli, T. L., Daly, C., Dobrowski, S. Z., Dulen, D. M., Ebersole, J. L., Jackson, S. T., ... & Nydick, K. R. (2016). Managing climate change refugia for climate adaptation. PLoS One, 11(8), e0159909. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159909. CC BY 4.0

Mapping Climate Refuges

Mark Altaweel

Climate refugia are places which can withstand climate change better than other regions and buffer the impacts of climate change.

The PurpleAir map crowdsources air quality readings from Internet of Things sensors.

The Spatial Internet of Things

Mark Altaweel

The development of small sensors is providing a variety of real-time geospatial data.

Screenshot of the Music Map - Search online mapping application.

The Geography of Music

Mark Altaweel

Music has a number of important geographical links that affect the economic, politics, and tastes of music.

H3, developed by Uber, divides the Earth into hexagons. Image: Uber.

H3: Open Source Geospatial Indexing System

Mark Altaweel

H3, developed by Uber, divides the Earth into hexagons.

One study looked at the effect of ride sharing on public transportation. Source: Kong, Zhang, & Zhao, 2020. Transportation 47(4)

Spatial Relationships Between Public Transport and Ride-Hailing

Mark Altaweel

Researchers have studied the effects of ride sharing on public transportation.