Caitlin Dempsey

Caitlin Dempsey is the editor of Geography Realm and holds a master's degree in Geography from UCLA as well as a Master of Library and Information Science (MLIS) from SJSU.
Three turkey vultures with red heads sitting on the horizontal part of a light pole.

Geography of Vultures in the United States

Caitlin Dempsey

The United States is home to three species of vultures: turkey vulture, black vulture, and the California condor.

A screenshot of a map showing the results of a location allocation analysis in ArcGIS Pro.

Basic Uses of GIS

Caitlin Dempsey

What are the basic uses of GIS? This article reviews some of the most common and basic users of GIS including mapping data, proximity analysis, buffers, cluster mapping, and querying a geographic area for features.

A view of chaparral bushes with a bare zone in front of them and grassland in the foreground.

Scurry Zones Around California Shrubs

Caitlin Dempsey

Scurry zones are areas of low-lying vegetation that form a ring about some shrubs in Northern California near grasslands.

Location in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. Map: Wikipedia.

Examples of Absolute and Relative Location

Caitlin Dempsey

Here are some examples of the same location described as a relative location and an absolute location.

A view of the Americas from a satellite image.

How the Earth’s Terminator Changes With the Seasons

Caitlin Dempsey

The Earth's terminator is the shifting boundary dividing day and night as a result of our planet's rotation and its position relative to the Sun.

Free Ways to Learn QGIS

Caitlin Dempsey

If you want to start learning how to use QGIS, a free and open source GIS software package, there are some excellent free resources out there.ย 

The top satellite image shows the snowpack in the Sierras in California in 2022. The bottom satellite image shows the snowpack in the Sierras in 2023.

Snowmelt is Starting in California’s Sierra Nevada Mountains

Caitlin Dempsey

Due to colder weather and more strong atmospheric rivers, the 2023 Sierra Nevada snowpack levels in California are significantly above average.

Laptop with QGIS, a desktop GIS software program

Networking in GIS: Peer-to-Peer Support in the GIS Community

Caitlin Dempsey

List of peer-to-peer resources that GIS professionals can tap into for assistance with their technical queries and to connect with others in the field.

Painted lady (Vanessa cardui). Image: NPS, public domain.

These Butterflies Have the Longest Known Migration Route

Caitlin Dempsey

Each fall,ย Painted Lady butterflies (Vanessa cardui) migrateย from Europe to subtropical Africa. Individuals can travel as far as 4,000 kilometers.

A gray shaded relief map with a rainbow categorization showing the densities of sargassum in the Atlantic Ocean.

Sargassum in the Atlantic Ocean Reaches a New Spring High

Caitlin Dempsey

Researchers using remote sensing data from NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites have measured the largest ever March density in the Great Sargassum Belt.

A shaded relief map of the Central Valley in California showing the location of Tulare Lake.

California’s Wet Winter Brought Back an Ancient Lake

Caitlin Dempsey

The once-vanished Tulare Lake reemerged after an exceptionally wet California winter, reclaiming a portion of its historic expanse in 2023.

Map showing the standard time zones for the entire world. PDF with a higher resolution. Map: CIA, 2018, public domain.

Which Country Has the Most Time Zones?

Caitlin Dempsey

Find out which country has the most time zones and how many countries in the world have at least two time zones.

Laptop with QGIS, a desktop GIS software program

Learn GIS for Free

Caitlin Dempsey

There are a few online options to learn GIS for free. Take advantage of resources that provide you access to free courses from some of the world's best universities and institutions.

QGIS on a laptop. Image: Caitlin Dempsey

How to Learn GIS

Caitlin Dempsey

There are many ways to learn GIS. Listed here are guides to learn GIS in a classroom, online, or through self-guided methods.

Finding the Right GIS Program

Caitlin Dempsey

Choosing the right GIS educational program to set you on the right path towards a GIS career, so be sure to consider all your options before making a decision.

Map showing the Indian Ocean, Oman Sea, and the Red Sea. Map: Epmistes, MediaWiki Commons.

What is the Difference Between a Sea and an Ocean?

Caitlin Dempsey

A look at the geographic definitions of oceans and seas.

Badwater Basin, Death Valley National Park. Photo: NPS, public domain.

Why Salt Flats Have a Honeycomb Pattern

Caitlin Dempsey

Recently published research explains the scientific reason behind the honeycomb shapes found in salt flats.

Side by side maps showing a UTM file with zones and rows and a UTM grid file with just the zones.

Dissolve Features Based on Attribute in QGIS

Caitlin Dempsey

This GIS tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to dissolve features in QGIS based on an attribute field.

A girl with a white sweatshirt and black leggings dances in the shallow water of the beach by the ocean. Her back is to the camera and the sun is shining with a clear blue sky.

Oceans Produce Half of the World’s Oxygen

Caitlin Dempsey

The oceans produce over half of the oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere, making them a vital source of oxygen for life on our planet.

A shaded relief map highlighting Alaska and the lower 48 states with the surrounding countries muted with a semitransparent white overlay.

A to Z Geography: United States

Caitlin Dempsey

The geography of the United States is diverse, featuring rugged mountains, arid deserts, dense forests, and expansive coastlines.

Two yellow lilies among weeds in a field.

Geography of Superblooms in the United States

Caitlin Dempsey

California's wet winter rains help drive the simultaneous blooming of a large number of wildflowers in the state's desert regions.

Laptop with QGIS, a desktop GIS software program

How to Find Internships in GIS

Caitlin Dempsey

Tips for finding a GIS internship: check job boards and internship websites, reach out to local employers, attend career fairs and events, and network.

A vegetation map of the northwest corner of Wyoming with mostly medium and light green.

United States Cropland Data

Caitlin Dempsey

The Cropland Data Layer (CDL) is a GIS dataset that the USDA updates annually to map the crops grown across the United States.

Fact sheet with Landsat image for the state of Wisconsin.

A to Z Geography: Wisconsin

Caitlin Dempsey

Wisconsin's geography is dominated by its location in the Great Lakes region, which has created a diverse landscape of fertile farmland, dense forests, and numerous lakes and rivers.

A section of a mountain range with some spots of snow and fir trees in the foreground.

A to Z Geography:ย Wyoming

Caitlin Dempsey

Wyoming, the 10th largest state in the United States, is a landlocked state located in the western part of the ...

Half of the Earth shown in a map.

A Guide to Understanding Map Projections

Caitlin Dempsey

Map projections are techniques used to transform the Earth's three-dimensional surface onto a two-dimensional plane, inevitably introducing some distortion in area, shape, distance, direction, or scale.

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