GIS and Geospatial Technologies

Articles focusing on the application of geographic information systems (GIS), geospatial technologies, remote sensing, LiDAR, and Global Positioning System (GPS). These technologies serve as critical tools for understanding and interacting with our physical environment. GIS allows for the mapping and analysis of spatial data Geospatial technologies refer to the various tools used to measure and analyze Earth’s lands and resources. Remote sensing provides a way to collect data from a distance, often via satellites or high-flying aircraft, and is commonly used for environmental monitoring and military applications.

GIS subcategories :

GIS Career | GIS Data | GIS Industry | GIS Learning | GIS Software | GPS | Remote Sensing | Spatial Analysis

Using GIS in Government Guides

Liam Oakwood

Here are two guides for using GIS in government.

LiDAR reveals the underlying history of a landscape. Image from Kate Johnson.

Using GIS in Landscape Archaeology

Mark Altaweel

Landscape archaeology is a discipline where space is critical to understanding ancient settlements and human use of ancient space. The use of GIS is steadily growing as a tool in this field.

Artistic concept of Landsat 9. Source: NASA.

Landsat 9 Will Launch in 2020

Liam Oakwood

The Landsat series of satellites has been imaging the Earth’s surface for nearly 50 years, providing vital imagery for a range of purposes from the natural sciences to civil administration and conflict monitoring. NASA and the USGS recently announced that the next iteration of the program, Landsat 9, is due to launch in 2020.

Plant species richness for the Australian continent. From: Evolutionary speed limited by water in arid Australia, Goldie et al., 2010.

Using GIS to Understand Species Evolution

Mark Altaweel

Studies have used spatial modeling and GIS approaches to understanding species evolution.

UAV thermal scanning of pipelines. Concept video from Animatechnika.

Using UAVs to Map and Monitor Pipelines

Geo Contributor

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are currently being used to not only speed up the pipeline routing process but also to make it both safer and more economical.

Flood susceptibility map from Tehran et al., 2015.

GIS and Innovations in Machine Learning

Mark Altaweel

Machine learning or artificial techniques has been rapidly transforming many areas related to GIS and spatial applications

Deforestation within Tambopata National Reserve between July (left panel) and September (right panel) 2016. Red circles highlight areas of major deforestation. Source: MAAP.

Using Remote Sensing to Understand the Correlation Between Deforestation and Forest Fires

A.J. Rohn

MAAP has used remote sensing to discover a correlation between deforestation and forest fires in Tampbopata, Peru.

A Screenshot of the Yiyun Interactive Map for Ya’an Earthquake Disaster Relief (10 August 2014). Source: Elwood, Goodchild, & Sui, 2012.

GIS and Social Activism

Mark Altaweel

Groups promoting various causes are implementing geospatial approaches and GIS related technologies.

REACH uses GIS to map out need down to the household in Jamaica. From Westrope, 2013.

How Spatial Modeling Can Help with Refugee Aid

Mark Altaweel

GIS is being used to address the spatial problem of allocating resources and constructing refugee camps.

Structure-from-Motion (SfM). Instead of a single stereo pair, the SfM technique requires multiple, overlapping photographs as input to feature extraction and 3-D reconstruction algorithms. From: Westoby et al., 2012.

Making 3D Models with Photogrammetry

Mark Altaweel

With the prevalence of smartphones and drones, photogrammetry is now widely present as an effective and cost-efficient method to easily recreate 3D models of large areas and specific objects or buildings.

This 3D mapping overlay shows the difference in tooth shape and surface area between a pair of identical twins, demonstrating that factors other than genetics help determine tooth topography. Figure: Yong et al., 2014.

How GIS Can Help Dentists Find Cavities

Mark Altaweel

GIS is making inroads in dentistry, where dentists now use spatial technologies for diagnosis and dental surgery.

Artistic rendition of the UNSW-Ec0 cubesat. Image: UNSW Websites This website HomeEngineering The Australian Centre for Space Engineering Research (ACSER).

Mini Satellite Constellation to Explore the Outer Reaches of Our Atmosphere

Liam Oakwood

An international scientific project is conducting an unprecedented study of the atmosphere’s outermost layer. Fifty tiny satellites will measure the attributes of the thermosphere, a poorly understood but vitally important region.

This ArcGIS-based story map highlights public gardens featuring native plants.

How GIS is Helping Gardening

Mark Altaweel

GIS is used in gardening to manage and comprehend the spatial layout of plants, from research and public gardens to home and backyard settings.

Screenshot from JMARS.

Using GIS in Space Exploration

Mark Altaweel

While we generally think of GIS applied to objects or systems on Earth, GIS has been of great utility for space exploration.

USGS tests drone-based ground-penetrating radar. Photo: Carole Johnson, USGS. Public domain.

Collecting GIS Data with Drones

Caitlin Dempsey

Drones are rapidly being adopted as a way to quickly collect aerial imagery and other forms of geospatial data.

Integrating Spatiotemporal Data with Terra Populous

Elizabeth Borneman

Terra Populus is a project designed to combine data sets and geographic information to facilitate finding and extracting data for research.

How To Make a Map From Open Data Using a Spreadsheet

Geo Contributor

Jonathan Goldman explains in this tutorial how to extract an open data feed from a civic data portal and pull it into Google Sheets, and then map it quickly using Geosheets.

Mapping out demographic and socioeconomic data can help target marketing. Map Source: MapEd

Mapping Market Reach

Troy Lambert

Troy Lambert discusses how colleges can use GIS and mapping technology to better target marketing.

Estimates of per capita consumption in four African countries. Stanford researchers used machine learning to extract information from high-resolution satellite imagery to identify impoverished regions in Africa. (Image credit: Neal Jean et al.)

Using Machine Learning to Map Poverty from Satellite Imagery

Elizabeth Borneman

Satellite images are now being used to map poverty levels around the world using machine learning used to analyze specific poverty data using a convolutional neural network.

Using GIS to Map Telecommunications

Mark Altaweel

Mapping telecommunication networks is of great importance to both urban and rural regions, particularly as telecommunication networks become even more vital for our daily lives. Terrain, vegetation, urban regions, and other potential interference are often assessed together and GIS tools such as ArcGIS have developed into an industry standard for forecasting cellular tower locations.

Connecting to GPS in Tunnels

Caitlin Dempsey

Waze is testing out technology it calls "Waze Beacons" to keep drivers connected to GPS navigation systems in tunnels.

Ideal wind farm locations in Colorado according to GIS model criteria from Janke, 2010.

GIS and Sustainable Energy

Mark Altaweel

GIS has become a critical planning and management tool for addressing where and how to enable sustainable energy efforts.

From Davies et al., 2016: "the results show good qualitative agreement, with 26 of the 33 boroughs showing rioter percentages in the same or adjacent bands as the data. The remaining discrepancy may be accounted for by factors specific to the London disorder, such as communication between groups, other activity patterns occurring at the time, or social factors beyond the scope of this work. "

GIS and Anti-Crime Measures

Mark Altaweel

This article takes a look at methods which demonstrate the wide and growing field of crime prevention utilizing spatial and GIS approaches.

Figure 5 The point, line, and polygon are shown on Google Earth

A Look at KML, an Open Standard to Represent and Visualize Spatial Information

Geo Contributor

Yang Zhang, associate professor, and Matthew W. McBroom, professor, with Stephen F. Austin State University, provide a brief systematic introduction to KML (Keyhole Markup Language) files.

Teaching GIS in Elementary School

Mark Altaweel

Research on how to best implement GIS education for K-12 has looked at the use of web-based GIS and data that is understandable at different levels.

Plugshare is a crowdsourced app for finding charging stations for EV owners.

How GIS is Helping Electric Cars on the Road

Mark Altaweel

GIS is playing an important role by helping drivers plan travel that factors in charging stations.