Articles

A satellite image showing snow covering areas of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York just south of Lake Erie.

Lake Effect Snow

Caitlin Dempsey

Lake effect snow can occur when dry, cold air moves across a vast lake with warm waters, resulting in a snowfall event.

Two images showing the front and back of a map rolled out from a walking cane with a silver handle.

Walking Cane Maps

Caitlin Dempsey

Walking cane maps, first created in 1893, featured retractable maps in cane handles. These souvenirs combined practicality with novelty.

Dark blue book cover with golden lettering and an elaborate compass rose in gold.

License to Travel: A Cultural History of the Passport | Geography Book Review

G.T. Dempsey

More anecdotal than history, License to Travel is both an engaging and instructive book.

A black and white photo showing a park range, a white man in a white shirt, and a young girl wearing light color top and shorts in front of mountains and a prairie.

Triple Divides in the United States

Caitlin Dempsey

A triple divide is a point on Earth where water from that location can potentially travel into three different watersheds.

A map of the United States with the location of dams shown as small orange circles. The surrounding ocean is light blue.

Dams in the United States

Caitlin Dempsey

There are dams in all 50 U.S. states and over 91,000 dams in all.

A view from the middle of the river facing a valley between two mountains on a sunny date with some puffy clouds in the sky.

Heatwaves are Affecting Rivers in the United States

Mark Altaweel

Heatwaves are having an impact on rivers in the United States.

An old submerged ship's wheel covered in corals.

History of Artificial Coral Reefs

Katarina Samuroviฤ‡

Researchers have found success in using submerged ships and other artificial structures to help build coral reefs.

A map from the 16th century showing Mexico around the Gulf of Mexico.

The Map Myth of Bermeja Island

Caitlin Dempsey

For hundreds of years, cartographers mapped Bermeja Island off the coast of Mexico, but no evidence has been found to prove its existence.

A four-paneled diagram showing a vertical slice of a satellite imagery with forest damage, a second panel with land use change, a third panel symbolized to show the date of changes, and the fourth panel shows the magnitude of the change.

Mapping Long-term Land Use Change with Remote Sensing Data

Mark Altaweel

Discover how remote sensing technology is used to map land use changes, providing valuable insights into environmental impacts and aiding conservation efforts.

A cropped view of a map with a north arrow in bold black with the letter "N" on top of it. A section of Texas and Louisiana can be seen at the top of the image.

Should Maps Include a North Arrow? Exploring the Debate

Caitlin Dempsey

Do all maps need a north arrow?

A mosaic of satellite imagery showing the state of Kansas.

Geography of Kansas

Marques Hayes

Flat expanses, badlands, rolling hills, cuestas, and canyons shape Kansas' geography.

Examples of topological errors in GIS that can occur during data creation/digitization. Image: Caitlin Dempsey

GIS Data: A Look at Accuracy, Precision, and Types of Errors

Geo Contributor

What are the types of error found in GIS data? This article reviews the difference between accuracy and precision and explains the most common types of error found in GIS data.

A photo of a white coral taken underwater.

Geography of Coral Reefs

Katarina Samuroviฤ‡

Learn about how coral reefs are formed, their growth, distribution, and the looming threats they face from environmental changes.

Screenshot of a mapping application showing satellite imagery with areas that have hurricane damage outlined in orange.

Using Geospatial Technologies to Map Hurricane Response

Mark Altaweel

Using satellite data and artificial intelligence, researchers have developed a way to rapidly map hurricane destruction.

Screenshot showing contours in brown and green in ArcGIS Pro.

How To Create Contours in ArcGIS Pro from LIDAR Data

Jeff Oppong

This ArcGIS Pro tutorial shows how to add LIDAR data from the National Map to ArcGIS Pro and create topography contours.

Shaded relief map of the Florida and Central America area showing gulfs and seas.

Geography Definitions Related to Water

Caitlin Dempsey

Listed here are geography terms related to water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and oceans.

A closeup of a bee on a lavender plant.

Mapping Bee Populations: Understanding Distribution and Conservation

Mark Altaweel

Scientists use spatial science to monitor bee populations and address declines caused by insecticides, habitat loss, and climate change.

A map of a statistical surface with a gradient of mostly yellow and shades of orange.

GIS and Spatial Interpolation Methods

Mark Altaweel

The use of spatial interpolation methods in GIS have proven vital from areas such as public health to interpreting weather patterns.

A map showing the area of Spokane Valley in Washington with pastel shades for the land use types.

How to Measure โ€œLand Use Mixโ€ using Entropy in Maptitude

Maptitude

This article discusses Maptitude's "Land Use Mix" add-in. Municipalities utilize land use mix calculations to measure service access.

An owl sitting in a tree in a leafy forest.

Mapping Forest Resources

Mark Altaweel

Machine learning, satellite imagery, and data on forest ecology can be brought together to create better information for resource managers by mapping forest resources.

A picture of cave columns covered in "cave popcorn".

Mapping Caves

Mark Altaweel

Mapping caves has proved difficult, especially vast, complicated caves that can span for kilometers underground.

Open Source GIS and Freeware GIS Applications

Caitlin Dempsey

There are many open source GIS and web mapping applications to choose from.

Map of GIS Job Listings in the US

Heat Maps in GIS

Caitlin Dempsey

Heat mapping, from a GIS perspective, is a method of showing the geographic clustering of a phenomenon.

A brown wolf with yellow eyes stands in the snow in front of evergreen trees.

How Reintroducing Wolves Changed Yellowstone National Park

Mark Altaweel

Scientists have documented the trophic cascade effect of reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone National Park.

What is the Difference Between GIS and Geospatial?

Caitlin Dempsey

There are differences in what the terms GIS and geospatial mean.

Free GIS Books

Caitlin Dempsey

Most of these free GIS books are available in downloadable PDF format and can be read from a computer or on an eBook reader. ย 

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